Kushandiswa kweChidhinha cheCorundum chakasanganiswa muFloat Glass Melting Furnace

Zvidhinha zve corundum zvakasanganiswaAlumina yakanyungudutswa muchoto chemagetsi che arc uye inokandwa mumhando yakatarwa yechimiro chakati, inonamirwa uye inochengetedzwa nekupisa, uye yozogadziriswa kuti iwane chigadzirwa chaunoda. Maitiro ekugadzira akajairika ndeekushandisa alumina ine calcium yakawanda (inopfuura 95%) uye huwandu hushoma hwezvinowedzera, kuisa zvinoshandiswa muchoto chemagetsi che arc, uye kuzvikanda mumaforoma akagadzirwa kare mushure mekunyungudutswa patembiricha yepamusoro pamusoro pe2300 ° C, uye wozozvichengeta zvichidziya. Mushure mekunamirwa, inobviswa, uye blank yakabviswa inova chigadzirwa chapedzwa chinosangana nezvinodiwa mushure mekushanda kwakanyatsonaka, kuunganidza uye kuongorora.

Zvidhinha zve corundum zvakasanganiswa zvakakamurwa kuita mhando nhatu zvichienderana nemafomu akasiyana ekristaro uye huwandu hwealumina: chekutanga iα-Al2O3 sechikamu chikuru chekristaro, chinonzi zvidhinha zve α-corundum; chechipiri iα-Al2. Ma crystal phases eO3 ne β-Al2O3 anonyanya kunge ari muhuwandu hwakafanana, hunonzi zvidhinha zve αβ corundum; rudzi rwechitatu runonyanya kushandiswa mu crystal phases dze β-Al2O3, dzinonzi zvidhinha zve β corundum. Zvidhinha zve corundum zvakasanganiswa zvinowanzoshandiswa mu float glass melting furnaces ndiwo marudzi echipiri neechitatu, anoti zvidhinha zve αβ corundum zvakasanganiswa uye zvidhinha zve β corundum. Chinyorwa chino chichatarisa pane hunhu hwepanyama uye hwemakemikari hwezvidhinha zve αβ corundum zvakasanganiswa uye zvidhinha zve β corundum uye kushandiswa kwazvo mu float glass melting furnaces.

1. Kuongorora mashandiro ezvidhinha zve corundum zvakasanganiswa

1. 1 Chidhinha che αβ corundum chakasanganiswa

Zvidhinha zve αβ corundum zvakasanganiswa zvinoumbwa neinenge 50% α-Al2 O3 uye β-Al2 O3, uye makristaro maviri aya akabatana kuti aumbe chimiro chakasimba kwazvo, chine simba guru rekudzivirira ngura yealkali. Kudzivirira ngura pakupisa kwakanyanya (kupfuura 1350°C) kwakaipa zvishoma pane kwezvidhinha zve AZS zvakasanganiswa, asi pakupisa kuri pasi pe 1350°C, kudzivirira kwayo ngura kugirazi rakanyungudutswa kwakaenzana nekwezvidhinha zve AZS zvakasanganiswa. Nekuti haina Fe2 O3, TiO2 nedzimwe tsvina, chikamu chegirazi re matrix chidiki kwazvo, uye zvinhu zvekunze zvakaita semabubbles hazviwanzoitika kana zvikabatana negirazi rakanyungudutswa, zvekuti girazi re matrix harizosvibiswe.

Zvidhinha zve αβ corundum zvakasanganiswa zvine crystallization yakawanda uye zvine ngura yakasimba pagirazi rakanyungudutswa pasi pe 1350°C, saka zvinoshandiswa zvakanyanya mudziva rekushandira uye kunze kwezvitofu zvinonyungudutsa magirazi, kazhinji mukuwachisa mbatya, zvidhinha zvemiromo, zvidhinha zvegedhi, nezvimwewo. Zvidhinha zve corundum zvakasanganiswa pasi rose zvinogadzirwa zvakanyanya neToshiba yekuJapan.

1.2 Chidhinha che corundum chakasanganiswa

Zvidhinha zve β-corundum zvakasanganiswa zvakagadzirwa ne β-Al2 O3 inosvika 100%, uye zvine chimiro che crystalline chakaita seplate β-Al2 O3. Yakakura uye haina simba rakawanda. Asi kune rumwe rutivi, ine simba rakanaka rekuparadza, kunyanya inoratidza ngura yakanyanya kupesana nehutsi hwakasimba hwe alkali, saka inoshandiswa muchimiro chepamusoro chegirazi rinonyungudutsa. Zvisinei, kana ichipiswa mumhepo ine alkali shoma, ichaita zvakafanana neSiO2, uye β-Al2O3 inoora nyore nyore uye inokonzera kupwanyika kwevhoriyamu kukonzera kutsemuka nekutsemuka, saka inoshandiswa munzvimbo dziri kure nekupararira kwezvinhu zvegirazi.

1.3 Hunhu hwemuviri uye hwemakemikari hwezvidhinha zve αβ ne β corundum zvakasanganiswa

Kuumbwa kwemakemikari ezvidhinha zve α-β ne β corundum zvakasanganiswa kunonyanya kuve Al2O3, musiyano uri kunyanya mukugadzirwa kwechikamu chekristaro, uye musiyano uri muchimiro che microstructure unotungamira kumusiyano muhunhu hwepanyama nekemikari dzakadai sehuwandu hwakawanda, chiyero chekuwedzera kwekupisa, uye simba rekumanikidza.

2. Kushandiswa kwezvidhinha zve corundum zvakasanganiswa muzvitofu zvinonyungudutsa girazi

Pasi nemadziro edziva zvinosangana zvakananga nemvura yegirazi. Pazvikamu zvese zvinosangana zvakananga nemvura yegirazi, chinhu chakakosha chezvinhu zvinoramba kupenya isimba rekudzivirira ngura, kureva kuti, hapana makemikari anoitika pakati pezvinhu zvinoramba kupenya nemvura yegirazi.

Mumakore achangopfuura, pakuongorora zviratidzo zvemhando yezvinhu zvinoramba kusvibiswa zvakasangana zvakananga negirazi rakanyungudutswa, kuwedzera pakuumbwa kwemakemikari, zviratidzo zvemuviri nezvemakemikari, uye kuumbwa kwemineral, zviratidzo zvitatu zvinotevera zvinofanirawo kuongororwa: indekisi yekudzivirira kukurwa kwegirazi, indekisi yebubble inokonzereswa uye indekisi yecrystallization inokonzereswa.

Nekuda kwezvinodiwa zvepamusoro zvemhando yegirazi uye kugona kukuru kwekugadzira vira, kushandiswa kwezvidhinha zvemagetsi zvakasanganiswa kuchawedzera. Zvidhinha zvakasanganiswa zvinowanzo shandiswa muzvitofu zvinonyungudutsa girazi zvinosanganisira zvidhinha zvakasanganiswa zveAZS series (Al 2 O 3 -ZrO 2 -SiO 2 ) . Kana tembiricha yezvidhinha zveAZS iri pamusoro pe1350℃, kuramba kwayo ngura kwakapetwa kaviri kusvika kashanu pane zvidhinha zveα β -Al 2 O 3. Zvidhinha zveαβ corundum zvakasanganiswa zvakagadzirwa nezvidimbu zvidiki zveα-alumina (53%) uye β-alumina (45%), zvine girazi diki (inenge 2%), zvichizadza maburi ari pakati pemakristaro, nekuchena kwakanyanya, uye zvinogona kushandiswa sechikamu chekutonhodza zvidhinha zvemadziro edziva uye chikamu chekutonhodza pasi pevhu Zvidhinha nezvidhinha zvemusono nezvimwewo.

Muumbirwo wezvicherwa zve αβ corundum zvakasanganiswa une girazi diki chete, risingabudise mvura yegirazi panguva yekushandiswa, uye rinodzivirira ngura zvakanaka uye rinodzivirira kupisa kwakanyanya pasi pe 1350 ° C. Ndiyo chikamu chekutonhodza chegirazi rinonyunguduka. Chinhu chakanakira madziro etangi, pasi petangi uye pakuwachisa magirazi anonyunguduka. Muchirongwa cheinjiniya chekugadzira girazi rinonyunguduka, chidimbu che αβ corundum chakasanganiswa chinoshandiswa sechidhinha chemadziro edziva chechikamu chekutonhodza chegirazi rinonyunguduka. Pamusoro pezvo, zvidhinha zve αβ corundum zvakasanganiswa zvinoshandiswawo pazvidhinha zvepamugwagwa uye zvidhinha zvekubatanidza zvinofukidza chikamu chekutonhodza.

Chidhinha che β corundum chakasanganiswa chigadzirwa chichena chinoumbwa nemakristaro akaomarara e β-Al2 O3, ane 92%~95% Al2O3, chikamu chegirazi chisingasviki 1% chete, uye simba rayo rechimiro harina kusimba nekuda kwekristaro yakasununguka. Chishoma, porosity inooneka iri pasi pe15%. Sezvo Al2O3 pachayo yakazara nesodium pamusoro pe2000°C, yakasimba zvikuru pakurwisa utsi hwealkali pakupisa kwakanyanya, uye kugadzikana kwayo kwekupisa kwakanakawo. Zvisinei, kana ikasangana neSiO2, Na2O2 iri muβ-Al2O3 inoora uye inopindirana neSiO2, uye β-Al2O3 inoshandurwa nyore nyore kuita α-Al2O3, zvichikonzera kupwanyika kukuru, zvichikonzera kutsemuka nekukuvara. Saka, yakakodzera chete kune ma superstructures ari kure neguruva rinobhururuka reSiO2, senge superstructure yedziva rekushanda regirazi rinonyungudutsa, muromo uri kumashure kwenzvimbo yekunyungudutsa neparapet iri pedyo, kuenzana kwechoto chidiki nezvimwe zvikamu.

Nekuti haisangani nealkali metal oxides dzinoshanduka, hapana zvinhu zvakanyunguduka zvinobuda pamusoro pezvidhinha kuti zvisvibise girazi. Mugirazi rinonyunguduka rinonyunguduka, nekuda kwekukasira kwekupinda kwenzira yekuyerera kwechikamu chekutonhodza, zviri nyore kukonzera kuungana kwemhepo yealkaline pano, saka nzira yekuyerera pano yakagadzirwa nezvidhinha zveβ zvakasanganiswa zvisingakuvadzi ngura nemhepo yealkaline.

3. Mhedziso

Zvichibva pahunhu hwakanaka hwezvidhinha zve corundum zvakasanganiswa maererano nekudzivirira kukurwa kwegirazi, kudzivirira furo, uye kudzivirira matombo, kunyanya chimiro chayo chakasiyana chekristaro, haisvibisi girazi rakanyungudutswa. Kune mashandisirwo akakosha mubhandi rekujekesa, chikamu chekutonhodza, runner, furnace diki nezvimwe zvikamu.